What are Surge Protectors and Why Your Computer Needs Them

Jeni_Odley · August 5

A surge protector is a device that protects computers or other electronic equipment from unexpected power surges resulting from lightning strikes or power line issues. Also known as a surge suppressor or spike guard, these plug-in devices prevent the voltage from rising to levels that could harm a laptop or computer. Although power surges are usually very short, the sudden voltage rush can negatively impact electricals, similar to if a pressure washer momentarily applies too much pressure through a hosepipe. Power surges may not break electricals per se, but they can wear them down over time. Surge protectors work by diverting surplus electricity into the outlet’s grounding wire, which returns the voltage to its normal level.

Types of surge protectors for computers

There are generally two types of surge protectors for computers: power strip surge protectors and single outlet surge protectors, also known as wall-mount surge protectors. A power strip surge protector resembles an extension cord with multiple outlets that plugs into the wall. They are a more affordable option for home and personal use, however they do not always safeguard against power surges. On the other hand, wall mount surge protectors have no cord and usually offer between two and six outlets. They look like a built-in plug that connects to a wall socket, protecting against potentially harmful power surges. Be sure to check the product label or contact a professional before purchasing a surge protector to ensure it meets your requirements.

Why does your computer need a surge protector?

Lightning strikes can cause your computer to over surge.jpg

There are so many gadgets and devices available on the market today, but is a surge protector really necessary? A surge protector is similar to an insurance policy in that we hope we never need it, but are thankful to have it if something goes awry. Let’s consider some more reasons why purchasing a surge protector may be a good idea.

1. Protection from power surges

Power surges can occur suddenly for various reasons, however they may cause lasting or even irreparable damage to devices. Purchasing a surge protector for a small appliance like a lamp may be unnecessary, as the most probable damage from a power surge would be a burned-out bulb. However, the consequences of a power surge may be more sinister for laptops and computers. A sudden voltage surge exceeding the standard 120 volts in North America can damage computer components like the motherboard, CPU, and power supply, which could be very costly to repair.

2. Lightning strikes

They say that lightning never strikes twice, but once might be enough to cause significant damage to power lines. Lightning strikes can cause an overvoltage to travel along power lines and instantly harm a computer.

3. Electrical spikes

Restoring power after an outage can cause a sudden voltage spike, which can harm devices. Other common causes of electrical spikes include electrical grid switching, wiring faults, or large appliances turning on and off. Damage from power surges or electrical spikes may not happen instantly; smaller, repeated power surges can harm appliances incrementally over time.

4. Data security and hardware longevity

Computers are packed with components that are sensitive to the amount of voltage they receive. A power surge could wipe out years of data like photos, documents, and other applications, causing a huge headache for owners and maybe even rendering the computer obsolete. Users should regularly back up files, but investing in a surge protector is a great choice for additional protection. Power surges can also damage hardware and intricate components, which can be expensive or even impossible to repair.

How to buy a suitable computer surge protector

Surge protectors are a useful investment to protect devices from power surges. Let’s take a look at some of the main features to consider when purchasing a surge protector.

Joule rating

A joule rating refers to the energy a surge protector can absorb without failing. Higher joule ratings tend to offer better protection, with between 1000 to 3000 generally offering adequate protection for electronics.

Clamping voltage

Clamping voltage describes the voltage required for a surge protector to react and protect electronic devices. A lower clamping voltage offers better protection. For example, a clamping voltage rate of under 400 volts diverts surges above that level away from devices.

Response time

A surge protector’s response time indicates how quickly it starts to redirect power during a surge. A faster response time, usually less than one nanosecond, is crucial for safety, helping to protect devices during sudden surges.

Number of outlets

Before purchasing a surge protector, users should consider how many outlets they require, ensuring there are enough for all devices. Bear in mind that there may be special outlets like Ethernet ports depending on the equipment type. It is also good practice to purchase a surge protector with more outlets than initially required to accommodate new devices in the future.

Indicator lights

Some surge protectors are equipped with additional lights that indicate their protection status. Lights also show when the device is switched on or off, helping users identify whether or not there is a power issue.

Warranty

A good surge protector from a reliable manufacturing company will offer a warranty or reimbursement on the item and damages to a computer if their product fails to provide adequate protection. Choosing a surge protector with this kind of warranty offers peace of mind if the worst should happen.

How to correctly install and maintain computer surge protectors

As with all electronics, correct installation and maintenance contributes towards a longer lifespan. Here are some tips on how to correctly install and maintain surge protectors.

Proper installation

Surge protectors should be plugged directly into the wall for maximum protection. Users should avoid daisy chaining, where multiple devices are connected in a linear series, and contact an electrician or professional in case of any queries.

Regular checks

Users should treat surge protectors as they would any other electronic device and perform regular checks to ensure ongoing protection. Doing so keeps surge protectors in optimal shape to protect devices from the negative effects of power surges.

Replacement

Surge protectors should be replaced periodically, especially after significant surge events. Just like a motorcycle helmet, it may be time to get a replacement once surge protectors have weathered a large surge event.

Conclusion

Surge protectors safeguard electronics like computers or laptops from unexpected power surges like lightning strikes or power line issues. They do this by diverting surplus voltage into the grounding line and therefore maintaining a normal voltage. Power surges can lead to significant and even permanent harm, resulting in data losses or hardware damage. Although power surges may not instantly burn out a device, small surges can cause incremental harm over time. Standard surge protectors with 1440 joules protection like this one are a great investment to aid the longevity of devices, while others offer higher 2880 joule protection and more plugs for multiple devices. Lastly, electronics lovers who want a surge protector that can survive multiple hits can try this, offering extreme voltage shutdown and protection for home devices and professional equipment. As with all electronics, be sure to regularly maintain surge protectors and contact an electrician or trained professional for any advice or queries.